Melatonin is a natural hormone that regulates the human biological clock. Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland, located within the brain. Levels of melatonin in the body fluctuate with the cycles of night and day. The highest melatonin levels are found at night. Melatonin is present in foods only in trace amounts.
Normally, the body secretes melatonin for several hours per night. Studies using timed-release melatonin for insomnia have reported good results. Melatonin should not be taken during the day.‡
Adults with insomnia have been shown to have lower melatonin levels. Frequent travelers and shift workers are also likely to benefit from melatonin for the resynchronization of their sleep schedules, though a melatonin “deficiency” as such does not exist for these people. Patients with cardiovascular disease have been reported to have low melatonin levels, but whether this abnormality increases the risk of cardiovascular disease or whether cardiovascular disease leads to the low melatonin level is not yet known. People with schizophrenia were found to have low melatonin output and experienced significantly improved sleep following melatonin replacement supplementation.‡
Synthesis of melatonin from the amino acid tryptophan can be decreased by the aging process. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant. Adequate melatonin levels have been reported to be a positive factor for cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and bone health.‡
Warning: If you are pregnant or lactating woman, have any health conditions, or are taking any medication, make sure to consult your healthcare provider prior to use.
‡ These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.
These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Ingredients
Dosage
One capsule before 30-60 minutes before bedtime.
Count
60 Capsules
Science
Auger RR, Burgess HJ, Emens JS, Deriy LV, Thomas SM, Sharkey KM. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Intrinsic Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders: Advanced Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (ASWPD), Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (DSWPD), Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (N24SWD), and Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (ISWRD). An Update for 2015: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Sleep Med. 2015 Oct 15;11(10):1199-236. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.5100. PMID: 26414986; PMCID: PMC4582061.
Auld F, Maschauer EL, Morrison I, Skene DJ, Riha RL. Evidence for the efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of primary adult sleep disorders. Sleep Med Rev. 2017 Aug;34:10-22. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2016.06.005. Epub 2016 Jul 20. PMID: 28648359.
Costello RB, Lentino CV, Boyd CC, O’Connell ML, Crawford CC, Sprengel ML, Deuster PA. The effectiveness of melatonin for promoting healthy sleep: a rapid evidence assessment of the literature. Nutr J. 2014 Nov 7;13:106. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-106. PMID: 25380732; PMCID: PMC4273450.
Hansen MV, Halladin NL, Rosenberg J, Gögenur I, Møller AM. Melatonin for pre- and postoperative anxiety in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Apr 9;2015(4):CD009861. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009861.pub2. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Dec 8;12:CD009861. PMID: 25856551; PMCID: PMC6464333.
McDonagh MS, Holmes R, Hsu F. Pharmacologic Treatments for Sleep Disorders in Children: A Systematic Review. J Child Neurol. 2019 Apr;34(5):237-247. doi: 10.1177/0883073818821030. Epub 2019 Jan 23. PMID: 30674203.
Qaseem A, Kansagara D, Forciea MA, Cooke M, Denberg TD; Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2016 Jul 19;165(2):125-33. doi: 10.7326/M15-2175. Epub 2016 May 3. PMID: 27136449.
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Description
Melatonin is a natural hormone that regulates the human biological clock. Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland, located within the brain. Levels of melatonin in the body fluctuate with the cycles of night and day. The highest melatonin levels are found at night. Melatonin is present in foods only in trace amounts.
Normally, the body secretes melatonin for several hours per night. Studies using timed-release melatonin for insomnia have reported good results. Melatonin should not be taken during the day.‡
Adults with insomnia have been shown to have lower melatonin levels. Frequent travelers and shift workers are also likely to benefit from melatonin for the resynchronization of their sleep schedules, though a melatonin “deficiency” as such does not exist for these people. Patients with cardiovascular disease have been reported to have low melatonin levels, but whether this abnormality increases the risk of cardiovascular disease or whether cardiovascular disease leads to the low melatonin level is not yet known. People with schizophrenia were found to have low melatonin output and experienced significantly improved sleep following melatonin replacement supplementation.‡
Synthesis of melatonin from the amino acid tryptophan can be decreased by the aging process. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant. Adequate melatonin levels have been reported to be a positive factor for cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and bone health.‡
Warning: If you are pregnant or lactating woman, have any health conditions, or are taking any medication, make sure to consult your healthcare provider prior to use.
‡ These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.
These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Ingredients
Dosage
One capsule before 30-60 minutes before bedtime.
Count
60 Capsules
Science
Auger RR, Burgess HJ, Emens JS, Deriy LV, Thomas SM, Sharkey KM. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Intrinsic Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders: Advanced Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (ASWPD), Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (DSWPD), Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (N24SWD), and Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (ISWRD). An Update for 2015: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Sleep Med. 2015 Oct 15;11(10):1199-236. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.5100. PMID: 26414986; PMCID: PMC4582061.
Auld F, Maschauer EL, Morrison I, Skene DJ, Riha RL. Evidence for the efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of primary adult sleep disorders. Sleep Med Rev. 2017 Aug;34:10-22. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2016.06.005. Epub 2016 Jul 20. PMID: 28648359.
Costello RB, Lentino CV, Boyd CC, O’Connell ML, Crawford CC, Sprengel ML, Deuster PA. The effectiveness of melatonin for promoting healthy sleep: a rapid evidence assessment of the literature. Nutr J. 2014 Nov 7;13:106. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-106. PMID: 25380732; PMCID: PMC4273450.
Hansen MV, Halladin NL, Rosenberg J, Gögenur I, Møller AM. Melatonin for pre- and postoperative anxiety in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Apr 9;2015(4):CD009861. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009861.pub2. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Dec 8;12:CD009861. PMID: 25856551; PMCID: PMC6464333.
McDonagh MS, Holmes R, Hsu F. Pharmacologic Treatments for Sleep Disorders in Children: A Systematic Review. J Child Neurol. 2019 Apr;34(5):237-247. doi: 10.1177/0883073818821030. Epub 2019 Jan 23. PMID: 30674203.
Qaseem A, Kansagara D, Forciea MA, Cooke M, Denberg TD; Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2016 Jul 19;165(2):125-33. doi: 10.7326/M15-2175. Epub 2016 May 3. PMID: 27136449.
